Refactor client and router code for improved readability, fix function naming, and enhance error handling; add initial test cases and configuration file

client_test01/.config/vpn_config.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+[mode.Client]
+server = "127.0.0.1:443"
+interface_ip = "5.5.5.5/32"
+interface_name = "xvpn1"
+local_routes = ["6.6.6.0/24"]
+mtu = 1400

client_test01/xvpn

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../target/release/xvpn

src/client.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use crate::{
         CLIENT_REGISTER_TIMEOUT, CliRegMessages, ClientStream, RouterMessages, RoutesMap, SERVER_PACKET_SIZE,
         TCP_NODELAY, VpnPacket,
     },
-    tun::{add_route, del_route, inti_tun_interface},
+    tun::{add_route, del_route, init_tun_if},
 };
 
 pub struct ClientStaTistic {
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ pub struct ClientCfg {
     pub mtu: u16,
 }
 
-pub async fn start(config: ClientCfg) -> Result<()> {
+pub async fn start(mut config: ClientCfg) -> Result<()> {
     println!("Starting client with config: {:?}", config);
 
     let stream = tokio::net::TcpStream::connect(&config.server).await?;
@@ -61,9 +61,9 @@ pub async fn start(config: ClientCfg) -> Result<()> {
     let mut vpn_buf = vec![0u8; SERVER_PACKET_SIZE];
     let mut tun_buf = vec![0u8; config.mtu as usize];
 
-    let self_uuid = register_client(&client_stream, &config, &mut vpn_buf).await?;
+    let self_uuid = register_client(&client_stream, &mut config, &mut vpn_buf).await?;
 
-    let tun_device = inti_tun_interface(&config).await?;
+    let tun_device = init_tun_if(&config).await?;
 
     let mut route_map = RoutesMap::default();
 
@@ -88,17 +88,14 @@ pub async fn start(config: ClientCfg) -> Result<()> {
 
                                     RouterMessages::RouteUpdate(mut updated_routes) => {
                                         updated_routes.retain(|_ , u| *u != self_uuid);
-                                        println!("Received route update from router: {:?}", updated_routes);
 
                                         let removed_routes = route_map.iter().filter(|(n,_)| !updated_routes.contains_key(n));
-                                        println!("Removed routes: {:?}", removed_routes);
                                         for removed_route in removed_routes {
                                             println!("Route {:?} removed by router", removed_route);
                                             del_route(&tun_device, *removed_route.0).await?;
                                         }
 
                                         let new_routes = updated_routes.iter().filter(|(n,_)| !route_map.contains_key(n));
-                                        println!("New routes: {:?}", new_routes);
                                         for new_route in new_routes {
                                             println!("Route {} added by router", new_route.0);
                                             add_route(&tun_device, *new_route.0).await?;
@@ -108,21 +105,23 @@ pub async fn start(config: ClientCfg) -> Result<()> {
 
                                     }
 
-                                     RouterMessages::Data(packet_info) => {
+                                     RouterMessages::Data(_packet_info) => {
                                         if let Some(data) = data {
-                                         println!("Received data packet from router for client {}: size {} bytes", packet_info.src_uuid, packet_info.data_len);
                                          tun_device.send(&data).await?;
                                      }
                                     },
 
-                                    _ => println!("Received message from router: {:?}", message),
+                                    _ => {
+                                        let msg = format!("Unexpected message type received from router: {:?}.", message);
+                                        client_stream.close().await?;
+                                        bail!(msg);
+                                    }
 
                                 }
                             }
                             Err(e) => {
-                                eprintln!("Error reading from router: {}", e);
                                 client_stream.close().await?;
-                                bail!(format!("Error reading from router: {}", e));
+                                bail!("Error reading from router: {}", e);
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -131,11 +130,9 @@ pub async fn start(config: ClientCfg) -> Result<()> {
                     match data {
                         Ok(n) => {
                             let packet = etherparse::Ipv4HeaderSlice::from_slice(&tun_buf[..n])?;
-                            println!("Read packet from TUN interface: {} -> {}, size: {}", packet.source_addr(), packet.destination_addr(), n);
                             let dst = packet.destination_addr();
                             match ip_match_network(dst, &route_map).await {
                                 Some(uuid) => {
-                                    println!("Packet destination {} matches route for client {}, sending to router", dst, uuid);
                                     let msg  = VpnPacket{
                                         dst_uuid: uuid,
                                         src_uuid: self_uuid,
@@ -150,9 +147,8 @@ pub async fn start(config: ClientCfg) -> Result<()> {
 
                         }
                         Err(e) => {
-                            eprintln!("Error reading from TUN interface: {}", e);
                             client_stream.close().await?;
-                            bail!(format!("Error reading from TUN interface: {}", e));
+                            bail!("Error reading from TUN interface: {}", e);
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -171,8 +167,11 @@ pub async fn start(config: ClientCfg) -> Result<()> {
     // Ok(())
 }
 
-pub async fn register_client(client_stream: &ClientStream, config: &ClientCfg, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<Uuid> {
+pub async fn register_client(client_stream: &ClientStream, client_cfg: &mut ClientCfg, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<Uuid> {
-    let register_msg = RouterMessages::CliReg(CliRegMessages::Reg(config.clone()));
+    let local_peer_address = client_cfg.interface_ip;
+    client_cfg.local_routes.push(local_peer_address);
+
+    let register_msg = RouterMessages::CliReg(CliRegMessages::Reg(client_cfg.clone()));
 
     let mut client_registration_timeout =
         tokio::time::interval_at(Instant::now() + CLIENT_REGISTER_TIMEOUT, CLIENT_REGISTER_TIMEOUT);
@@ -192,20 +191,17 @@ pub async fn register_client(client_stream: &ClientStream, config: &ClientCfg, b
                                 }
 
                                 RouterMessages::CliReg(CliRegMessages::RegFailed(err_msg)) => {
-                                    eprintln!("Client registration failed: {}", err_msg);
                                     bail!("Client registration failed: {}", err_msg);
                                 }
 
-                                _ => {
+                                unexpected_msg => {
-                                    let msg = "Unexpected message type received during client registration.";
+                                    let msg = format!("Unexpected message type received during client registration: {:?}.", unexpected_msg);
-                                    eprintln!("{}", msg);
                                     client_stream.close().await?;
                                     bail!(msg);
                                 }
                             }
                         }
                         Err(e) => {
-                            eprintln!("Error reading from router during client registration: {}", e);
                             client_stream.close().await?;
                             bail!("Error reading from router: {}", e);
                         }
@@ -213,8 +209,6 @@ pub async fn register_client(client_stream: &ClientStream, config: &ClientCfg, b
                 }
                 _= client_registration_timeout.tick() => {
                     let msg = "Client registration timed out waiting for confirmation from router.";
-                    eprintln!("{}", msg);
-                    eprintln!("Closing connection with Server");
                     client_stream.close().await?;
                     bail!(msg);
                 }

src/main.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ pub mod config;
 pub mod network;
 pub mod router;
 pub mod tun;
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;
 
 use clap::{Parser, Subcommand};
 

src/router.rs

@@ -108,8 +108,8 @@ pub struct ClientStream {
     rx: Arc<Mutex<OwnedReadHalf>>,
 }
 impl ClientStream {
-    pub fn new(tx: TcpStream) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(tcp_stream: TcpStream) -> Self {
-        let (rx, tx) = tx.into_split();
+        let (rx, tx) = tcp_stream.into_split();
         Self {
             tx: Arc::new(Mutex::new(tx)),
             rx: Arc::new(Mutex::new(rx)),
@@ -153,10 +153,7 @@ impl ClientStream {
             // unwrap is safe here because we already checked payload is some
             packet.extend_from_slice(&payload.unwrap());
         }
-        println!(
+
-            "Sending packet: total_len={}, msg_len={}, payload_len={}, message={:?}",
-            total_len, msg_len, payload_len, msg
-        );
         if total_len as usize > SERVER_PACKET_SIZE {
             bail!(
                 "Packet too large to send, receive buffer too small: total_len={}, buf_len={}",
@@ -225,28 +222,61 @@ impl ClientStream {
         tx.shutdown().await?;
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    pub async fn peer_addr(&self) -> Result<SocketAddr> {
+        let tx = self.tx.lock().await;
+        let peer_addr = tx.peer_addr()?;
+        Ok(peer_addr)
+    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
 pub struct Router {
     clients: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<Uuid, VPNClient>>>,
     routing_table: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<Ipv4Net, Uuid>>>,
+    registration_lock: Arc<Mutex<()>>,
 }
 impl Router {
-    pub async fn register_client(&self, client: ClientCfg, vpn_client: VPNClient) -> Result<()> {
+    pub async fn register_client(
-        let id = vpn_client.id();
+        &self,
+        client_stream: ClientStream,
+        client_cfg: &ClientCfg,
+        id: Uuid,
+    ) -> Result<VPNClient> {
+        // Ensure only one registration process can run at a time to
+        // Drops lock immediately after checking for route conflicts and updating routing table
+        // to minimize contention and allow concurrent client registrations
+        // as much as possible while still preventing
+        let _reg_lock = self.registration_lock.lock().await;
 
-        // Append local interface IP to client's local routes for routing table construction
+        println!(
-        let mut client_local_route = client.local_routes;
+            "Registering client {} with local routes: {:?}",
-        client_local_route.push(client.interface_ip);
+            id, client_cfg.local_routes
+        );
 
-        // Add Client local routes to global routing table
+        // Build a map of the client's routes to their UUID for efficient registration and routing table updates
-        for net in client_local_route {
+        let reg_routes: HashMap<Ipv4Net, Uuid> =
-            self.routing_table.write().await.insert(net, id);
+            HashMap::from_iter(client_cfg.local_routes.iter().map(|route| (*route, id)));
+
+        for route in reg_routes.keys() {
+            if let Some(existing_client_id) = self.check_if_route_exists(&route).await {
+                let router_msg = format!(
+                    "Route {} overlaps with existing route for client {}, cannot register client {}",
+                    route, existing_client_id, id
+                );
+                let cli_reg_msg = format!("Failed to register, you have overlapping routes {} ", route);
+                client_stream
+                    .send(RouterMessages::CliReg(CliRegMessages::RegFailed(cli_reg_msg)), None)
+                    .await?;
+                bail!(router_msg);
+            }
         }
 
-        self.clients.write().await.insert(id, vpn_client);
+        let vpn_client = VPNClient::new(id, client_stream);
-        self.update_all_clients().await
+        self.clients.write().await.insert(id, vpn_client.clone());
+
+        self.routing_table.write().await.extend(reg_routes);
+        return Ok(vpn_client);
     }
 
     pub async fn remove_client(&self, client_id: Uuid) -> Result<()> {
@@ -263,6 +293,15 @@ impl Router {
         self.clients.read().await.get(&uuid).cloned()
     }
 
+    pub async fn check_if_route_exists(&self, net: &Ipv4Net) -> Option<Uuid> {
+        for (existing_net, existing_client_id) in self.routing_table.read().await.iter() {
+            if existing_net.contains(net) || net.contains(existing_net) {
+                return Some(*existing_client_id);
+            }
+        }
+        None
+    }
+
     pub async fn update_all_clients(&self) -> Result<()> {
         // Lock only the routing table and clients list once to get the current state,
         // then release locks before sending updates to avoid blocking other operations
@@ -325,9 +364,8 @@ pub async fn start(bind_address: SocketAddr) -> Result<()> {
         _ = handle_router_connections(router.clone(), socket) => {}
 
         _ = tokio::signal::ctrl_c() => {
-        println!();
         let msg = "Received shutdown signal, shutting down router...";
-        println!("{}", msg);
+        println!("\n{}", msg);
         router.close_all_client(msg).await?
     }
     }
@@ -343,11 +381,19 @@ async fn handle_router_connections(router: Router, socket: tokio::net::TcpListen
                 println!("Accepted connection from {}", addr);
                 //Clone the router for the new task
                 tokio::spawn(async move {
-                    println!("Handling connection from {}", addr);
+                    let id = Uuid::new_v4();
-                    match handle_client(router, tcp_stream).await {
+                    println!("Handling connection from {} :{}", addr, id);
-                        Ok(_) => println!("Finished handling connection from {}", addr),
+                    match handle_client(router.clone(), tcp_stream, id).await {
+                        Ok(_) => {
+                            println!("Finished handling connection from {}", addr);
+                        }
                         Err(e) => eprintln!("Error handling connection from {}: {}", addr, e),
                     }
+                    println!("Cleaning up client {} from connection {}", id, addr);
+                    router
+                        .remove_client(id)
+                        .await
+                        .unwrap_or_else(|e| eprintln!("Error removing client {}: {}", id, e));
                 });
             }
             Err(e) => {
@@ -357,48 +403,73 @@ async fn handle_router_connections(router: Router, socket: tokio::net::TcpListen
     }
 }
 
-pub async fn handle_client(router: Router, stream: TcpStream) -> Result<()> {
+pub async fn handle_client(router: Router, tcp_stream: TcpStream, id: Uuid) -> Result<Uuid> {
-    stream.set_nodelay(TCP_NODELAY)?;
+    tcp_stream.set_nodelay(TCP_NODELAY)?;
-
-    let vpn_client = VPNClient::new(Uuid::new_v4(), ClientStream::new(stream));
 
     let mut keep_alive_tick = tokio::time::interval_at(Instant::now() + KEEP_ALIVE_INTERVAL, KEEP_ALIVE_INTERVAL);
     let mut buf = vec![0u8; SERVER_PACKET_SIZE];
 
-    match client_init(&vpn_client, &mut buf).await {
+    let peer_address = tcp_stream.peer_addr()?;
-        Ok(client) => {
+
+    let (client_stream, client_config) = match client_init(tcp_stream, &mut buf, id).await {
+        Ok((client_stream, client_cfg)) => {
             println!(
                 "Client {} registered with routing table: {:?} and local endpoint {:?}",
-                vpn_client.id(),
+                id, client_cfg.local_routes, peer_address
-                client.local_routes,
-                client.interface_ip
             );
-            println!("Registering client {} with router...", vpn_client.id());
+            (client_stream, client_cfg)
-            router.register_client(client, vpn_client.clone()).await?;
         }
         Err(e) => {
-            eprintln!("Failed to initialize client {}: {}", vpn_client.id(), e);
+            let msg = format!(
-            return Err(e);
+                "Failed to initialize client connection form peer {:?}:{} {}",
+                peer_address, id, e
+            );
+            bail!(msg);
         }
-    }
+    };
+    let vpn_client = match router.register_client(client_stream, &client_config, id).await {
+        Ok(vpn_client) => {
+            println!(
+                "Successfully registered client {} with peer address {:?} and routing table: {:?} ",
+                vpn_client.id(),
+                peer_address,
+                client_config.local_routes
+            );
+            vpn_client
+                .send(RouterMessages::CliReg(CliRegMessages::RegOk(id)), None)
+                .await?;
+            vpn_client
+        }
+        Err(e) => {
+            let msg = format!(
+                "Failed to register client {} with peer address {:?}: {}",
+                id, peer_address, e
+            );
+            bail!(msg);
+        }
+    };
+    println!(
+        "Finished client initialization for client {} with peer address {:?}, entering main loop...",
+        vpn_client.id(),
+        peer_address
+    );
+
+    router.update_all_clients().await?;
 
     loop {
         tokio::select! {
              msg = vpn_client.receive(&mut buf) => {
                 match msg {
                     Ok((message, data)) => {
-                        println!("Received message from client {}: {:?}", vpn_client.id(), message);
                         match message {
                             RouterMessages::Quit(msg) =>{
                                 println!("Received quit message from client {}: {}", vpn_client.id(), msg);
                                 println!("Removing client {} from router...", vpn_client.id());
-                                router.remove_client(vpn_client.id()).await?;
                                 vpn_client.close().await?;
-                                return Ok(());
+                                return Ok(id);
                             }
                             RouterMessages::Data(packet_info) => {
                                 if let Some(dst_client) = router.get_client(packet_info.dst_uuid).await {
-                                    println!("Forwarding packet from client {} to client {}", vpn_client.id(), dst_client.id());
                                     if let Err(e) = dst_client.send(RouterMessages::Data(packet_info), data).await {
                                         eprintln!("Error forwarding packet to client {}: {}", dst_client.id(), e);
                                     }
@@ -406,13 +477,15 @@ pub async fn handle_client(router: Router, stream: TcpStream) -> Result<()> {
                                     eprintln!("Destination client {} not found for packet from client {}", packet_info.dst_uuid, vpn_client.id());
                                 }
                             }
-                           _ => println!("Received message from client {}: {:?}", vpn_client.id(), message)
+                           _ => {
+                             let msg = format!("Received unexpected  message from client {}: {:?}", vpn_client.id(), message);
+                             vpn_client.close().await?;
+                             bail!(msg);
+                            }
                         }
                     }
                     Err(e) => {
-                        eprintln!("Error reading from client {}: {}", vpn_client.id(), e);
+                        eprintln!("Error removing client {} from router...", vpn_client.id());
-                        println!("Removing client {} from router...", vpn_client.id());
-                        router.remove_client(vpn_client.id()).await?;
                         vpn_client.close().await?;
                         bail!(format!("Error reading from client: {}", e));
                     }
@@ -420,9 +493,7 @@ pub async fn handle_client(router: Router, stream: TcpStream) -> Result<()> {
 
             }
 
-            // _= router.notify_changes(vpn_client.id()) => {
+
-            //     println!("Routing table updated. Current routing table:");
-            // }
 
             _= keep_alive_tick.tick() => {
                     // Send keep-alive message to the client
@@ -435,35 +506,33 @@ pub async fn handle_client(router: Router, stream: TcpStream) -> Result<()> {
     //Ok(())
 }
 
-pub async fn client_init(vpn_client: &VPNClient, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<ClientCfg> {
+pub async fn client_init(tcp_stream: TcpStream, buf: &mut [u8], id: Uuid) -> Result<(ClientStream, ClientCfg)> {
+    let client_stream = ClientStream::new(tcp_stream);
     let mut client_registration_timeout =
         tokio::time::interval_at(Instant::now() + CLIENT_REGISTER_TIMEOUT, CLIENT_REGISTER_TIMEOUT);
 
     loop {
         tokio::select! {
-            msg = vpn_client.receive(buf) => {
+            msg = client_stream.receive(buf) => {
                 match msg {
                     Ok((router_msg, _)) => {
                        match router_msg {
-                            RouterMessages::CliReg(CliRegMessages::Reg(client))=> {
+                            RouterMessages::CliReg(CliRegMessages::Reg(client_cfg))=> {
-                                println!("Received client registration with routing table: {:?}", client.local_routes);
+                                println!("Received client registration with routing table: {:?}", client_cfg.local_routes);
-                                vpn_client.send(RouterMessages::CliReg(CliRegMessages::RegOk(vpn_client.id())),None).await?;
+                                return Ok((client_stream,client_cfg));
-                                return Ok(client);
                             }
                             router_msg => {
                                 let msg = format!("Expected client registration message, but received: {:?}", router_msg);
-                                eprintln!("{}", msg);
+                                client_stream.close().await?;
-                                eprintln!("Closing connection with client {}", vpn_client.id());
-                                vpn_client.close().await?;
                                 bail!(msg);
                             }
 
                         }
                     }
                     Err(e) => {
-                        eprintln!("Error reading from client {} during registration: {}", vpn_client.id(), e);
+                        let msg = format!("Error reading from client {} during registration: {:?}", id, e);
-                        vpn_client.close().await?;
+                        client_stream.close().await?;
-                        bail!(format!("Error reading from client during registration: {}", e));
+                        bail!(msg);
 
                     }
                 }
@@ -472,8 +541,8 @@ pub async fn client_init(vpn_client: &VPNClient, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<Clien
 
             _ = client_registration_timeout.tick() => {
                 let msg = format!("Client registration timed out after {}ms", (CLIENT_REGISTER_TIMEOUT.as_millis()));
-                    vpn_client.send(RouterMessages::Quit(msg.clone()),None).await?;
+                    client_stream.send(RouterMessages::Quit(msg.clone()),None).await?;
-                    vpn_client.close().await?;
+                    client_stream.close().await?;
                     bail!(msg);
 
             }

src/tests.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+use std::net::Ipv4Addr;
+
+use ipnet::Ipv4Net;
+use uuid::Uuid;
+
+use crate::{
+    client::ClientCfg,
+    network::ip_match_network,
+    router::{CliRegMessages, RouterMessages, VpnPacket},
+};
+
+fn sample_cfg() -> ClientCfg {
+    ClientCfg {
+        server: "127.0.0.1:443".to_string(),
+        interface_ip: "10.8.0.2/32".parse().expect("cidr parse"),
+        interface_name: "xvpn0".to_string(),
+        local_routes: vec!["10.10.0.0/24".parse().expect("cidr parse")],
+        mtu: 1400,
+    }
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn router_message_keep_alive_roundtrip_json() {
+    let msg = RouterMessages::KeepAlive(123_456);
+    let bytes = msg.to_bytes().await;
+    let decoded = RouterMessages::from_slice(&bytes).await;
+
+    match decoded {
+        RouterMessages::KeepAlive(ts) => assert_eq!(ts, 123_456),
+        other => panic!("unexpected decoded message: {other:?}"),
+    }
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn router_message_data_roundtrip_json() {
+    let src = Uuid::new_v4();
+    let dst = Uuid::new_v4();
+    let msg = RouterMessages::Data(VpnPacket {
+        src_uuid: src,
+        dst_uuid: dst,
+        data_len: 512,
+    });
+
+    let bytes = msg.to_bytes().await;
+    let decoded = RouterMessages::from_slice(&bytes).await;
+
+    match decoded {
+        RouterMessages::Data(pkt) => {
+            assert_eq!(pkt.src_uuid, src);
+            assert_eq!(pkt.dst_uuid, dst);
+            assert_eq!(pkt.data_len, 512);
+        }
+        other => panic!("unexpected decoded message: {other:?}"),
+    }
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn router_message_from_invalid_slice_is_unknown() {
+    let decoded = RouterMessages::from_slice(b"{ not valid json").await;
+    match decoded {
+        RouterMessages::Unknown(s) => assert!(!s.is_empty(), "unknown payload should not be empty"),
+        other => panic!("expected Unknown, got {other:?}"),
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn cli_reg_message_reg_roundtrip_json() {
+    let cfg = sample_cfg();
+    let msg = CliRegMessages::Reg(cfg.clone());
+    let bytes = msg.to_bytes();
+    let decoded = CliRegMessages::from_slice(&bytes);
+
+    match decoded {
+        CliRegMessages::Reg(decoded_cfg) => {
+            assert_eq!(decoded_cfg.server, cfg.server);
+            assert_eq!(decoded_cfg.interface_ip, cfg.interface_ip);
+            assert_eq!(decoded_cfg.interface_name, cfg.interface_name);
+            assert_eq!(decoded_cfg.local_routes, cfg.local_routes);
+            assert_eq!(decoded_cfg.mtu, cfg.mtu);
+        }
+        other => panic!("unexpected decoded message: {other:?}"),
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn cli_reg_message_invalid_utf8_is_unknown() {
+    let decoded = CliRegMessages::from_slice(&[0xff, 0xfe, 0xfd]);
+    match decoded {
+        CliRegMessages::Unknown(s) => assert!(s.contains("Invalid UTF-8"), "unexpected content: {s}"),
+        other => panic!("expected Unknown, got {other:?}"),
+    }
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn ip_match_network_returns_expected_uuid() {
+    let mut routes = std::collections::HashMap::new();
+    let id = Uuid::new_v4();
+    routes.insert("192.168.1.0/24".parse::<Ipv4Net>().expect("cidr parse"), id);
+
+    let match_id = ip_match_network(Ipv4Addr::new(192, 168, 1, 44), &routes).await;
+    assert_eq!(match_id, Some(id));
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn ip_match_network_returns_none_when_no_route_matches() {
+    let mut routes = std::collections::HashMap::new();
+    routes.insert("192.168.1.0/24".parse::<Ipv4Net>().expect("cidr parse"), Uuid::new_v4());
+
+    let no_match = ip_match_network(Ipv4Addr::new(10, 10, 10, 10), &routes).await;
+    assert!(no_match.is_none(), "non-matching ip should return none");
+}

src/tun.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use tun_rs::{AsyncDevice, DeviceBuilder};
 
 use crate::client::ClientCfg;
 
-pub async fn inti_tun_interface(config: &ClientCfg) -> Result<AsyncDevice> {
+pub async fn init_tun_if(config: &ClientCfg) -> Result<AsyncDevice> {
     println!(
         "Initializing TUN interface with name: {}, IP: {}/{}, MTU: {}",
         config.interface_name,
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ pub async fn inti_tun_interface(config: &ClientCfg) -> Result<AsyncDevice> {
         Ok(dev) => dev,
         Err(e) => {
             let msg = format!("Failed to create TUN interface: {:#}", e);
-            eprintln!("{}", msg);
             bail!(msg);
         }
     };
@@ -44,7 +43,6 @@ pub async fn add_route(tun_device: &AsyncDevice, route: Ipv4Net) -> Result<()> {
     if !output.status.success() {
         let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
         let msg = format!("Failed to add route {} via device {}: {:#}", route, dev, stderr);
-        eprintln!("{}", msg);
         bail!(msg);
     }
 
@@ -65,7 +63,6 @@ pub async fn del_route(tun_device: &AsyncDevice, route: Ipv4Net) -> Result<()> {
     if !output.status.success() {
         let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
         let msg = format!("Failed to delete route {} via device {}: {:#}", route, dev, stderr);
-        eprintln!("{}", msg);
         bail!(msg);
     }